Friday, July 7, 2017

Åpning av fagfellevurdering

Åpning av fagfellevurdering ved "whiteboxing" er ikke bare at det som skjer i den svarte boksen blir synlig, men vissheten om at den svarte boksen blir synlig kan medføre at innholdet i fagfellevurderingen blir et annet.

Som denne artikkelen fra zerohedge forteller om så er selve demokratiet en konstruksjon mot konspirasjonsteorier:

The Magna Carta, the Constitution and Declaration of Independence and other  founding Western documents were based on conspiracy theories. Greek democracy and free market capitalism were also based on conspiracy theories.

 Bloggposten "Opening up the black box of peer review"  av Liz Allen framhever at åpning og gjennomsiktige gjør det mye vanskeligere å avvise artikler man ikke liker:
Such models not only provide transparency and accelerate access to research findings and data to all users but they fundamentally change the role of experts – to one focused on providing constructive feedback and helping research to advance – even if they don’t like or agree with what they see! 
Og leserne får mulighet til å trekke sine egne konklusjoner i mye større grad:

Furthermore, opening up access to what experts have said about others’ work is an important step towards reducing the selection bias of what is published and allowing readers more autonomy to reach their own conclusions about what they see.
Men som Bruno Latour hevdet så vil vitenskapen framstå som mye mer usikker og mindre troverdig når man åpner opp den svarte boksen viser dens sanne ansikt, og det blir vanskeligere å framstå som ufeilbarlige autoriteter:
In science studies, the social process of blackboxing is based on the abstract notion of a black box. To cite Bruno Latour, blackboxing is "the way scientific and technical work is made invisible by its own success. When a machine runs efficiently, when a matter of fact is settled, one need focus only on its inputs and outputs and not on its internal complexity. Thus, paradoxically, the more science and technology succeed, the more opaque and obscure they become."[1]


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